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City guide

Ankara

Turkey's capital is a modern administrative and university city, calmer and less touristed than Istanbul. Its main draws are Anıtkabir, the imposing mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, widely regarded as one of the world's finest archaeology museums.

Ankara skyline at blue hour
Ankara photo by Jorge Franganillo, licensed CC BY 2.0

At a glance

Country
Türkiye
Ideal stay
1-2 days
Best for
Anıtkabir, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, views over the old town from Ankara Castle.
Typical daily budget
€35-65/day mid-range
Best months
April-June and September-October
Airport to center
Esenboğa Airport, ~28km, 40-60 min by Havaş airport bus or taxi
Public transport
Ankaray and Metro lines plus an extensive bus network cover the city well.
Walkability
The Ulus old town is walkable; the wider modern city is spread out.
Main language
Turkish
Population
3,517,182
Time zone
Europe/Istanbul
Curated landmarks
10
Arrival airports
1

Why travelers love it

One of the world's great archaeology museums, in a 15th-century covered market

The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, housed in a restored Ottoman bedesten built 1464-1471, was named the first-ever "European Museum of the Year" in 1997 — its collection spans the Paleolithic through the Hittite Empire and beyond, unmatched anywhere else for Anatolian prehistory.

The mausoleum of the man who founded modern Turkey

Anıtkabir, completed in 1953, is the monumental resting place of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of the Turkish Republic — a site of deep national significance and Ankara's most-visited landmark, with free public access.

A capital chosen for strategy, not scenery — with 2,000 years of history beneath it

Ankara became Turkey's capital on 29 October 1923, replacing Istanbul after Atatürk based his nationalist resistance movement here in 1920. Beneath the modern administrative city lie a Roman bath complex, a temple inscribed with Emperor Augustus's own account of his reign, and a citadel with roots in antiquity.

Top experiences

Atatürk and modern Turkey

The founder's mausoleum and the capital's largest mosque.

  • Anıtkabir
  • Kocatepe Mosque

Roman and ancient Ankara

A Roman temple inscribed with Augustus's own words, excavated Roman baths, and the old citadel.

  • Temple of Augustus and Rome
  • Roman Baths of Ankara
  • Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi)

Ulus old town

The old town square, the region's finest archaeology museum, and a restored Ottoman-quarter art museum.

  • Ulus Meydanı
  • Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
  • Ankara State Art and Sculpture Museum

Modern city and parks

A 1980s observation tower and Ankara's classic city park.

  • Atakule
  • Gençlik Parkı (Youth Park)

Choose your area

  • Ulus — The old town around Ankara Castle.
  • Kızılay — The central commercial and dining district.
  • Çankaya — An upscale residential and diplomatic area.
Ankara in a day1 day

Anıtkabir and the archaeology museum in the morning, the old citadel and Roman ruins in the afternoon.

  1. 09:00 · Anıtkabir — Start at Anıtkabir.
  2. 11:00 · Museum of Anatolian Civilizations — Visit the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations.
  3. 13:00 · Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi) — Climb up to Ankara Castle.
  4. 14:00 · Temple of Augustus and Rome — See the Temple of Augustus and Rome.
  5. 14:30 · Roman Baths of Ankara — Walk through the Roman Baths.
  6. 17:00 · Atakule — Finish at Atakule.
Ulus old town half dayHalf day

A compact walk through Ankara's Roman and Ottoman old town.

  1. 10:00 · Ulus Meydanı — Start at Ulus Meydanı.
  2. 10:30 · Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi) — Ankara Castle.
  3. 11:30 · Temple of Augustus and Rome — Temple of Augustus and Rome.
  4. 12:00 · Roman Baths of Ankara — Roman Baths.
Ankara over two days2 days

A slower pace covering Atatürk's mausoleum, the museums, and the Roman old town.

  1. Day 1 · 09:00 · Anıtkabir — Anıtkabir.
  2. Day 1 · 11:00 · Museum of Anatolian Civilizations — Museum of Anatolian Civilizations.
  3. Day 1 · 13:30 · Kocatepe Mosque — Kocatepe Mosque.
  4. Day 1 · 15:00 · Gençlik Parkı (Youth Park) — Gençlik Parkı.
  5. Day 2 · 10:00 · Ulus Meydanı — Ulus Meydanı.
  6. Day 2 · 10:30 · Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi) — Ankara Castle.
  7. Day 2 · 11:30 · Temple of Augustus and Rome — Temple of Augustus and Rome.
  8. Day 2 · 12:00 · Roman Baths of Ankara — Roman Baths.
  9. Day 2 · 14:00 · Ankara State Art and Sculpture Museum — Ankara State Art and Sculpture Museum, Hamamönü.
  10. Day 2 · 16:00 · Atakule — Atakule.

Practical planning

Getting in from Esenboğa Airport

Esenboğa Airport sits about 28km northeast of central Ankara. The Havaş shuttle bus and EGO city bus line 442 both connect it to Kızılay in the city center (bus 442 runs 6am-11pm), and taxis are also available; a metro line connecting the airport is planned but not yet built.

Esenboğa Airport — Wikipedia

Why Ankara became the capital in 1923

After the Ottoman defeat in WWI, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk established his nationalist resistance headquarters in Ankara (then Angora) in 1920. Following the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne and the founding of the Republic, Ankara was declared the new capital on 29 October 1923, replacing Istanbul as part of a deliberate break from the Ottoman imperial past.

Ankara — Wikipedia

The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations' 1997 award

On 19 April 1997, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations was named the first-ever "European Museum of the Year" in Switzerland. The museum occupies the Mahmut Paşa Bedesteni, a covered market built 1464-1471 under a vizier of Mehmed the Conqueror.

Museum of Anatolian Civilizations — Wikipedia

The Temple of Augustus and the Res Gestae

Originally a Phrygian temple from around the 2nd century BC, the site was rebuilt by the Romans and inscribed with the Res Gestae Divi Augusti — Emperor Augustus's own account of his achievements — making it one of the most complete surviving copies of that text anywhere in the former Roman world.

Wikipedia

The Roman Baths, built under Caracalla

The excavated Roman bath complex in Ulus was built in the early 3rd century AD under Emperor Caracalla, with the column rows marking its caldarium, tepidarium, and frigidarium still visible on an open-air site.

Wikipedia

Turkey's advisory: no elevated risk for Ankara itself

The UK FCDO's only "avoid all travel" area in Turkey is within 10km of the Syria border, in the far southeast — several hundred kilometers from Ankara, which sits in central Anatolia. No specific safety advisory applies to Ankara itself; standard city precautions are sufficient.

Turkey Travel Advice — GOV.UK / FCDO

Good to know

  • Far fewer historic and tourist attractions than Istanbul; cold winters; a spread-out modern city with limited old-world charm.

Guide reviewed 2026-08-19.

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